Date:
13th century
Description:
The 13th-century gymel version of “Jesu Cristes Milde Moder” is a setting of the Latin hymn dedicated to the Virgin Mary, arranged in the style of gymel. Gymel is a medieval contrapuntal technique in which two or more voices move together in parallel motion, usually in a perfect fifth or octave. This version reflects the early polyphonic style of the medieval period and would have been used in liturgical or devotional contexts.
Discussion:
In this version, the music is simpler and more chant-like than later polyphonic settings. The gymel technique creates a smooth, harmonic texture with voices singing in parallel motion, often at a fixed interval. The piece has a sacred and reverent tone, fitting the devotional nature of the text, which praises the Virgin Mary as “Jesu Cristes Milde Moder” (Jesus Christ’s Mild Mother). While the gymel style lacks the complex counterpoint found in later Renaissance motets, it still retains a sense of sacred beauty and calmness.
The 13th-century setting of this hymn is an example of early polyphony, a period when voices started to move together harmonically while still remaining within a modal framework. It is important to note that the gymel style was often used in the context of Gregorian chant and early choral music.
Composer:
Attributed to various anonymous composers of the 13th century; specific authorship is unclear for this version.
Arranged by:
Original gymel arrangement; modern reconstructions or performances can be found in early music collections.
Sheet Music:
This gymel version can be found in collections of medieval English music, such as The Early English Church Music series or other anthologies of early polyphony.
The arrangement we use is available here as a pdf, mus or musescore file
Parts:
Typically performed with two voices in parallel motion, usually in a perfect fifth or octave, often accompanied by a cantus firmus or chant melody. Additional voice parts can be added depending on the arrangement.
Type:
Medieval sacred chant (gymel)
Language:
Latin
Ranges:
Since the gymel style primarily involves parallel intervals (often fifths or octaves), the voices are generally written within a comfortable range for medieval singers, often focusing on smooth, consonant intervals.
Advice for beginners:
For those unfamiliar with the gymel style, it is important to maintain the parallel motion of the voices and focus on tuning the intervals carefully, especially the perfect fifths or octaves. As with much early polyphony, the melodic line will be straightforward, so attention to pitch and maintaining harmonic clarity is crucial.
Sound Files:
Here are some sound files for reference. All parts, top line, bottom line