Date:
c. 1538
Description:
“Il Bianco e Dolce Cigno” is one of the most famous madrigals by the Flemish composer Jacques Arcadelt. This early Italian madrigal is known for its rich harmonies and expressive text setting, typical of the early madrigal style. The title translates as “The White and Sweet Swan,” and the piece describes the swan’s death as a metaphor for the lover’s death through unrequited love.
Discussion:
Arcadelt’s madrigal captures the bittersweet emotion of the text with flowing melodic lines and harmonies that reflect the elegance of the text. The piece is written for four voices (SATB) and is considered a prime example of the early Renaissance madrigal, a genre that flourished in Italy during the 16th century. The rich chromaticism and emotional depth in the piece make it a favourite in choral repertoires. It contrasts the serenity of the swan’s song with the pain of the lover’s predicament, using vivid text-painting.
Composer:
Jacques Arcadelt (c. 1507–1568)
Arranged by:
Various modern arrangements exist, including versions for SATB choir, small ensembles, and solo voice with accompaniment.
Sheet Music:
Available in collections of Arcadelt’s works and in anthologies of Renaissance madrigals.
The arrangement we use is available here as a pdf or musescore file
Parts:
Originally written for four voices (Soprano, Alto, Tenor, Bass), with many arrangements available for different vocal combinations and instrumental accompaniment.
Type:
Renaissance madrigal
Language:
Italian
Ranges:
Typically performed with SATB voices; the ranges are suitable for most choral voices but require attention to smooth, blended sound.
Advice for beginners:
Focus on the expressive delivery of the text, particularly the metaphor of death and love. Smooth phrasing is key, as the piece is more about subtle emotional expression than virtuosic technique. Clear articulation of the Italian text is crucial to maintaining the integrity of the madrigal style.
Sound Files:
Here are some sound files for reference. soprano, alto, tenor, bass